Background: Dr. Werner Forssmann used a ureteric catheter to enter the right side of the heart through his cubital vein to create the central line, also known as central venous catheterization, in 1929. Since then, the central line technology has improved steadily and is now required for many critical patient indications, including parenteral nutrition, drug administration, hemodialysis, and rapid fluid resuscitation for the shocked. Central lines come in a wide variety of sizes, locations, and types. Additionally, we should remember that there are a lot of potential issues with the central line. Objective: Study of the indications and possible complications of central venous catheter. Methods: CVC, Cannula insertion, Pneumothorax, infection, Bleeding, and Complications were the search phrases utilised in PubMed and Science Direct searches. After meticulous reviewing, references from the applicable literature, including all renowned research and reviews were included as well as the most current or complete study conducted between August 2003 and March 2023. Conclusion: There are many sites possible for central line insertion, several indications, and the benefit of ultrasound guidance to avoid many possible complications.