Background: The present approach for treating type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents relies heavily on carbohydrate restriction and rigorous insulin treatment. The amount of carbohydrates in each meal or snack is the main factor used to determine the insulin dosages given during meals. Consuming fat and protein along with carbs, however, might postpone stomach emptying and result in late postprandial hyperglycemia.  Recent research has emphasised the need of modifying insulin dosages for dietary protein and fat to reduce postprandial glucose excursions. To predict insulin needs for meals' protein and fat compositions, many insulin dosage techniques have been devised. Nevertheless, the contemporary clinical practice still faces difficulties in regulating insulin dosages for dietary fat and protein. Objective: This review presents different studies that assessed the effects of dietary fat and protein on postprandial glycemic responses. Methods: The following search terms were used in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct searches: Insulin treatment, Dietary fat and protein, and T1DM. The authors carefully analysed all relevant references from the relevant literature, including all respectable research and reviews, and only the most recent or comprehensive study was included. Conclusion: To achieve postprandial euglycemia, insulin dosage adjustments for dietary fat and protein are necessary. The best insulin dosage methods to account for the protein and fat composition of the meals are yet unclear. Combination boluses offer better postprandial glycaemic control for T1DM patients using insulin pumps than conventional and prolonged boluses. It is yet unknown if dividing insulin dosages among patients on the MDI regimen would improve postprandial glycaemic control.