Background: Substance abuse is a significant public health concern with numerous clinical implications. Cognitive dysfunctions were amongst the most significant health issues connected with teenage substance usage. Aim: This study aimed to detect the factors affecting the cognitive domains dysfunction among adolescent with substance use disorder. Patients and methods: Among one hundred substance abusers and forty controls, a case-control comparison was undertaken. Several historical variables and the Addiction Severity Index, the Wisconsin card sorting test, and the socioeconomic scale are explored. Results: Parent's education affecting all executive functions domains in a protective way.  Grow up in an urban area has a significant positive effect on executive functions generally and specifically in our patients. Schooling has a protective effect against executive function deterioration in adolescents with substance use. The severity of substance use is proportionate to the severity of executive function deterioration. The socioeconomic status has a protective effect on the executive dysfunction of adolescent with substance use disorder. Conclusion: Smoking, cannabis and alcohol, are the most widely used substances by adolescents. Multiple executive function domain affection and poly substances are the common role not the reverse in adolescents.