Background: The incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has risen in the last ten years, increasing the disease's burden in Egypt. Insulin resistance is a pathophysiological condition characterised by decreased insulin action in peripheral target tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Insulin resistance is thought to play a key role in the development of fibrosis as well as an increase in the risk of HCC. Objective: To assess the possible relation between serum levels of resistin and HCC in patients suffering of liver cirrhosis. Methods: PubMed, Egyptian Knowledge Bank, Google Scholar, were used to search for information on Hepatocellular carcinoma, Insulin resistance and Resistin. The authors also analysed references from relevant literature, but only the most recent or thorough study from May 2005 to October 2021 was included. Documents in languages other than English were excluded because there were insufficient translation-related sources. Dissertations, oral presentations, unpublished manuscripts, conference abstracts, and other works not related to major scientific research were removed. Conclusion: In conclusion, serum resistin level may serve as a new diagnostic marker for HCC patients, however, its accuracy in detection of early focal lesions and prognosis of these patients should be assessed in further larger studies.