The objective of this trial was to compare the efficacy of long-term and short-term progesterone treatments on induction of estrus and pregnancy rate in Rahmani ewes during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Twenty-four animals were randomly grouped for two treatments with intravaginal progesterone device: Group A) during breeding season and Group B) during non-breeding season. Furthermore, both groups were subdivided into two treatments: Al and B1 for short- treatment (7 days) and A2 and B2 for long treatment (12 days). The progesterone treatment was a vaginal sponge containing 40 mg medroxy progesterone acetate (MAP). Equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and cloprostenol (PGFα2) were intramuscularly administered to all ewes at the time of sponge removal. After the detection of estrus, the animals were hand-mated naturally. During the breeding season, mean percentages of estrus and pregnancy were 100% and 83.33%, respectively in both the short-term and long-term treated groups. During the non-breeding season, the average values of estrus were 100% in short- term and 100% for long-term progesterone treatment, but the pregnancy rates were 66.67 and 50.00% in the short and long-term treated groups, respectively. The treatment with progesterone for short-term (7 days) was effective to induce estrus in sheep during both breeding and non-breeding seasons.