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Pathogenesis of two Chicken Infectious Anaemia Virus (CIAV) vaccines in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Avian diseases / production

Abstract

CIAV is one of the most important ubiquitous immunosuppressive pathogen in chicken, which leads to great economic loss in poultry industry worldwide. Here we experimentally investigated the pathogenesis of two live-attenuated CIAV vaccines. One-hundred-twenty-five, 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were allocated into five-groups (25-chicks-each). Group-1 was orally vaccinated with attenuated CIAV vaccine-strain in drinking water. Group-2 was kept as a contact non-vaccinated-group to group-1. Group-3 was intramuscularly vaccinated with attenuated CIAV vaccine-strain. Group-4 was kept as a contact-non-vaccinated-group to group-3, and group-5 served as a control group. Three-chickens from each group were sacrificed at 3rd, 7th, 15th, 22nd, 29th, 36th and 41st days-post-vaccination (dpv). Tissue specimens from bone-marrow, thymus, spleen, cecal-tonsils, bursa-of-Fabricius and liver were collected for histopathology, lesion-scoring and immunohistochemistry fluorescence detection of CIAV-antigen. Liver-specimens were also collected at 7th, 15th, 21st dpv for real-time-PCR (qPCR), to quantitate the CAV genomic-DNA. Mortalities occurred in both vaccinated groups and their contact groups. Group-4 had the highest no. of mortalities. Frothy diarrhea, ulcer, S/C-hemorrhages, cannibalism and signs of mild depression were the most developed clinical-signs in group1, 2, 3 and 4. Pale bone-marrow and atrophy of thymus were the most characteristic post-mortem changes in group 1, 2, 3 and 4. Microscopically, changes characteristic for CIAV were observed, and the most affected organs were bone-marrow, thymus, liver and spleen; respectively. The demonstrated histopathological lesions started as early as the 3rd dpv in almost all organ of concern in all 4-groups. Immunofluorescence labelling of CIAV-antigen demonstrates virus in all examined organs in both vaccinated and contact groups, with the bone-marrow as the strongest positive. CIAV-genome detected in livers of vaccinated and contact groups at concerned days. Indeed, live attenuated CIAV-vaccines (either by oral or parenteral route) are pathogenic to 1-day-old chicks and they could spread horizontally and transmitted to contact-chicks, inducing mortalities and immunosuppression.

DOI

10.21608/vmjg.2022.117293.1007

Keywords

CIAV, CAV-vaccines, immunofluorescence, immunosuppression, qPCR(real-time)

Authors

First Name

Heba

Last Name

AbdAlla

MiddleName

Ali

Affiliation

Pathology Lab., Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt

Email

beno.2@hotmail.com

City

القاهرة - عين شمس الشرقية

Orcid

-

First Name

Laila

Last Name

Tantawy

MiddleName

Abd El Ghani

Affiliation

Pathology Lab., Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt

Email

rowaina1989@gmail.ahri.gov.eg

City

القاهرة - مصر الجديدة

Orcid

-

First Name

Hussein

Last Name

Hussein

MiddleName

Ali

Affiliation

Department of Virology, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt

Email

husvirol@cu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Hanaa

Last Name

elsamadony

MiddleName

awad

Affiliation

Virology Lab., Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt

Email

hanaaelsamadony@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Nabiha

Last Name

Hassan

MiddleName

Ramadan Ali

Affiliation

Department of Pathology, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.

Email

nabiha.ramadan@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

68

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

39232

Issue Date

2022-12-01

Receive Date

2022-01-20

Publish Date

2022-12-01

Page Start

1

Page End

24

Print ISSN

1110-1423

Online ISSN

2537-1045

Link

https://vmjg.journals.ekb.eg/article_219880.html

Detail API

https://vmjg.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=219880

Order

1

Type

Original Article

Type Code

544

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Veterinary Medical Journal (Giza)

Publication Link

https://vmjg.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Pathogenesis of two Chicken Infectious Anaemia Virus (CIAV) vaccines in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024