Cymbopogon schoenanthus belongs to the family Poaceae. It is a fragrant grass that grows wildly and extensively throughout Upper Egypt.Its oil has a strong aromatic odor and provides high therapeutic value C. schoenanthus contains a wide range of classes of bioactive chemicals that have already been identified. There has been a lot of interest lately in the phytochemical composition of C. schoenanthus, and a wide range of components, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenes and diterpenes, have been isolated. It has been investigated how these compounds contribute to biological efficacy by preventing the formation of kidney stones and possessing antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and nephroprotective properties. There is significant interest in drug discovery research from this plant due to the biological activity of the separated constituents that have been reported. Thus, the focus of this review is on the phytochemical investigations and biological activities of components from C. schoenanthus since 1963.