The delta lands are one of the most fertile agricultural lands and the best types of agricultural land, especially the Nile Delta in Egypt, which makes encroachment on them one of the most dangerous phenomena to which these lands are exposed, and the research problem is the continuation of the phenomenon of encroachment on agricultural land by construction and converting it from agricultural use to other non-agricultural uses despite the existence of agricultural legislation criminalizing it, which is not currently subject to encroachment on agricultural land, which threatens to expand the food gap and deficit, to meet the nutritional needs of the Egyptian consumer now and in the future, and with the increasing encroachment on agricultural land, a wave of warnings about the natural balance appeared, which began to show its imbalance, which called for the need to confront this problem, as many local and international conferences and agreements were held in order to ensure its protection and achieve environmental balance, so its preservation is a very important issue, so the research aimed to conduct an economic analysis of encroachments on agricultural land, and study the most important characteristics of the trespasser on agricultural land and the most important forms of encroachment on agricultural land, and study the current situation of encroachments and removals on agricultural land and identify the economic effects of encroachment on agricultural land and identify the causes and motives of encroachment on agricultural land and problems and obstacles facing agricultural land in the governorates of Menoufia and Gharbia and present some proposals and recommendations that will help protect agricultural land, preserve it and reduce the phenomenon of encroachment on agricultural land, arandom sample of (100) respondents from the governorates of Gharbia and Menoufia respectively, and the data was collected through the questionnaire in the personal interview and the results were as follows: The encroachment on agricultural land of Gharbia Governorate and Menoufia Governorate is equal, and that the high age group in Gharbia Governorate is less in cases of encroachment on agricultural land than its counterpart in Menoufia Governorate, and that the case of (university qualification) more transgression in the Western than Menoufia and among the factors that most affected the encroachment was the increase in the number of residents and the lack of new housing, the lack of a desert hinterland for the expansion of housing, the category of small land holdings, the multiplicity of authorities supervising the protection of agricultural lands, the non-application of the law regulating buildings in the countryside, the weakness and lack of respect for laws that prevent Limitation of construction on agricultural land, low return from agricultural work, and high tax on agricultural land. Keywords: encroachment on agricultural lands, legislation and laws, social and economic effects, quality of rural life