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313293

ASSESSMENT OF OUTDOOR THERMAL HUMAN COMFORT OVER BEIRUT CITY, LEBANON

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Basic Sciences

Abstract

This study applied Thom's Discomfort Index (DI), Kibler Discomfort Index (THI1) (Temperature-Humidity Index) and National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Discomfort Index (THI2) to assess the trend of thermal discomfort in Beirut City during )1999-2021(. Temperature and Relative Humidity data for 22 years (1999-2021) from Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport station were analyzed to determine the discomfort period. Seasonal variations in thermal conditions were found, with increased thermal stress levels occurring mainly during Summer, while Spring and Winter showed improved thermal comfort conditions with respect to Summer. December, January, and February were comparatively comfortable (DI < 21). Under 50% of the population experienced discomfort (21 < DI < 24) during March and November. From May to September, discomfort values varied between 25-27, which indicates that over 50% population in Beirut suffered from discomfort during these months. Percentage frequencies of the monthly (DI) values from January to December in Beirut from the years 1999 to 2021 were reported. Monthly variations of (THI1) and (THI2) showed no extreme discomfort conditions in Beirut. Data on air temperatures and (RH) in Beirut were investigated to study local climate change and understand potential impacts of urbanization on Beirut's climate because of industrialization and a significant migration from rural areas. An upward trend in annual average air temperatures and downward trend in the annual average (RH) of Beirut, the most highly populated and industrialized city of Lebanon, were found. The results of this study are crucial for tracking human thermal comfort /discomfort in Beirut's educational and other places.

DOI

10.21608/jes.2023.181749.1431

Keywords

air temperature, relative humidity, Discomfort Index (DI), temperature-humidity index (THI), urbanization

Authors

First Name

Ali A.

Last Name

Shaar

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Postgraduate student, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Studies & Environmental Research, Ain Shams University

Email

ali.shaar@hotmail.com

City

Beirut

Orcid

-

First Name

mahmoud

Last Name

A .I. Hewehy

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Studies & Environmental Research, Ain Shams University

Email

prof.mahmoud.hewehy@iesr.asu.edu.eg

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

First Name

El-Sayed. M.

Last Name

Robaa

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Astronomy, Space Science & Meteorology, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University

Email

robaa@sci.cu.edu.eg

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

First Name

Ismail

Last Name

I. Abbas

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University

Email

ismail.abbas@lu.edu.lb

City

Beirut

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohammed

Last Name

S. Mostafa

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pediatric Studies, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Childhood, Ain Shams University

Email

salahmost42@gmail.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

Volume

52

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

43122

Issue Date

2023-03-01

Receive Date

2022-12-20

Publish Date

2023-03-01

Page Start

1

Page End

27

Print ISSN

1110-0826

Online ISSN

2636-3178

Link

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_313293.html

Detail API

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=313293

Order

313,293

Type

Review Article

Type Code

599

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Environmental Science

Publication Link

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

ASSESSMENT OF OUTDOOR THERMAL HUMAN COMFORT OVER BEIRUT CITY, LEBANON

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024