BBackground: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in different fields. Mureer or Seneico glaucus L. plant (SP) is the most important plants spreading in the deserts that animals feed on it. ZnO NPs and SP can be used separately or combined as supplements of alternative insecticides in the agriculture program for crop protection. Gallic acid (GA) is an important antioxidant that found in many types of fruits. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of either single or dual treatments of ZnO NPs and SP on lung tissue through histological and immunohistochemical investigations, and to estimate the prospective role of GA in rats for 30 days. Material & methods: Rats were allocated into eight groups with orally administrated: Control, GA (100 mg/kg), ZnO NPs (150 mg/kg), SP (400 mg/kg), GA+ZnO NPs (100,150 mg/kg), GA+SP (100,400 mg/kg), ZnO NPs+SP (150,400 mg/kg), and GA+ZnO NPs+SP (100,150,400 mg/kg). Results: Results indicated that either single or dual treatments of ZnO NPs and SP induced dense thickening in the alveolar wall, interstitial inflammation, and induced an overexpression of caspase-3 immune response. Further, the effect of dual treatment was more obvious than the influence of alone one. Inversely, GA ameliorates these undesirable changes and down-expressed of caspase-3 immune response. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that ZnO NPs and SP are pulmonary-toxic agents and GA might be cyto-protective and anti-apoptotic agent against the induced pulmonic-toxicity.