The objectives of the study were to construct, test, and apply a multidimensional poverty index (MPI) of rural population at kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, identifying its correlates and determinants, and comparing the main characteristics of poorer persons VS. non-poorer. Based on the theoretical framework, the study suggested six dimensions to measure (MPI). Fourteen independent variables were postulated to affect (MPI). Social survey method was utilized. A selective stratified random sample reached 225 respondents in three villages was drawn. Some statistical techniques were utilized in data analysis. The findings have showed consistent results in constructing (MPI). Each dimension is significantly correlated with the other five dimensions, and with the total score of (MPI). Reliability coefficient (α) was high (0.786). The results showed also that, 42.9% of the total sample belong to the poorer category, while the other57.1% were belonged to non-poorer. All the fourteen independent variables together explain about 76.5% of the total explained variance in (MPI). Eleven independent variable made unique significant contributions in explaining the variance of (MPI) .These were arranged according to their relative importance as follows: number of years of education, cultural and geographical openness, organizational participation, appropriate age for daughter's marriage, family cohesion, violence against women, education of the family members, deviant behavior, presence of secondary work, age, social and psychological isolation, finally, the investment behavior of the respondent. In order to alleviate poverty problems there is a need to raise the quality of life, educational levels, improving living conditions, and encouraging investment behavior of rural people.