Background: Insertion of the IUCD immediately is likely to have a high motivation for accepting contraception, and the health-care center provides a convenient setting for inserting the IUCD. Aim of the study is to compare between immediate post-placental insertion of IUCD during cesarean delivery versus 6 weeks post-cesarean insertion delivery Design This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial study. Methods: This study was conducted at Ain Shams university maternity hospital. Women were randomly assigned into two groups; 1st group (Postplacental) containing 100 women in whom IUCD were inserted during cesarean section after delivery of the placenta, The second group (Postpartum) included 100 women where the IUCD were inserted after six weeks postpartum. Primary outcome was the expulsion rate while secondary outcomes were infection, perforation, bleeding, displacement for follow up visits at one month and three months. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: The result of the current study showed there is no significant difference between the two groups as regard expulsion rate also there is not any significant difference regarding infection, perforation, displacement and abnormal bleeding between the both groups. However, perforation rate between both groups is statistically insignificant, it is clinically high significant. Conclusion: immediate post placental IUCD insertion during caesarean delivery is equal safe and effective method of contraception as IUCD insertion in puerperium, however it may be better as regard patient convenience because easy insertion, no expulsion no complications in using contraceptive method. The paper was registered in clinicaltrial.gov NCT03404622