Background: Hybrid ceramic materials contain both ceramic and resin. Their surface topography has not been thoroughly studied, and there are no standard finishing protocols for these materials.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how repolishing, following immersion in Listerine mouth rinse, affected the hybrid ceramic materials' surface roughness.
Methods: Square ceramic specimens (1×14×14) mm were cut from 3 Hybrid CAD\CAM ceramic blocks (vita Enamic, Shofu HC, and Nacera). Twenty specimens from each ceramic block were prepared and polished as per the manufacturer recommendations. Afterwards, the surface roughness was measured at the baseline, again after polishing, and after submerging in Listerine mouthwash. Non-contact profilometry based on optical approach was used to evaluate surface roughness. The specimens were photographed using a USB digital microscope that had a built-in camera and was linked to a compatible personal computer. The mean and standard deviation were used to express quantitative data. One-way analysis of variance was used for the statistical analysis, and Tukey's post hoc test was then performed.
Results: When comparing the three hybrid materials to their baseline values, a notable change was seen. The maximum value (0.314±0.020) in Shofu HC was obtained after submerging in mouth rinse, and the highest value (0.293±0.016) in Nacera was obtained after repolishing.
Conclusions: Re-polishing had the least impact on the high ceramic content materials, but it was able to raise the surface roughness of hybrid ceramic materials. Listerine mouthwash also had this effect.

Keywords: hybrid ceramic, re-polishing, mouth rinse, profilometer surface, roughness.