Background: Diabetes mellitus stands out as the most common systemic condition with a higher likelihood of developing and worsening periodontitis. Various pharmaceutical agents have been advocated to regulate glycemic levels in diabetic individuals.
Objective: To assess the effect of semaglutide on the periodontal tissue in diabetic rats with induced periodontitis.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Albino Wistar rats weighing between 220 and 280 grams were recruited in the study. Eight rats were assigned randomly to three different study groups. These groups were as follows: Group A, the control group; Group B, which consisted of diabetic rats with induced periodontitis; and Group C, Semaglutide-treated rats. By the termination of the study period, rats were euthanized and were evaluated through microscopical examination and cytokines assessment.
Results: Diabetic group with induced periodontitis showed marked bone resorption with massive inflammatory infiltrate. Cytokine assessment displayed a noteworthy rise in the values compared to the control group. The semaglutide-treated group showed a substantial reduction in the cytokines level compared to the diabetic group with periodontitis which was manifested by improvement in the alveolar bone height and periodontium architecture.
Conclusion: Semaglutide showed potent effects in accomplishing glycemic control and improving the periodontal status in diabetic rats with induced periodontitis.