Objective: This study aimed at evaluation clinical and radiographic efficacy of using Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite combined with parathyroid hormone versus Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite only on healing of bone defects after cyst enucleation.
Methods: 20 patients with bone defects were included, they were equally allocated in two groups; intervention group (group I) where the defect was filled with Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (Nano-bone®) combined with parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-34) and control group (group II) where the defect was filled with Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite alone (Nano-bone®). Surgical procedure was made under local or general anesthesia. Radiographic assessment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed to measure defect size (preoperative and six months post-operatively).
Results: There weren't post-operative complications. Radiographically, in intervention group, average defect dimensions 2.8 ± 0.41 cm3 preoperatively, 3.88 ± 0.55 cm3 immediately postoperatively, and 1.20 ± 0.15 cm3 six months postoperatively. Meanwhile, in group II, they were 2.2 ± 0.33 cm3 preoperatively, 2.5 ± 0.3 cm3 immediately postoperatively and 1.5 ± 0.4 cm3 six months postoperatively with a significant difference between both groups (< 0.001). Moreover, the average dimensions of the graft surface area, in group I were 144.52 ± 14.78 mm² preoperatively, and 86.56 ± 15.57 mm2 six months postoperatively. While in group II the measurements were 152.62 ± 12.78 mm² preoperatively, and 100.54 ± 13.57 mm2 six months postoperatively with a significant difference between both groups (< 0.001).

Conclusion: Using the combination of Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite combined with parathyroid hormone has a positive impact on healing of bone defect after cyst enucleation.