Introduction: Teeth with periapical lesions heal after non-surgical endodontic intervention. However, sometimes persistent symptoms requires peri-radicular surgery in order to remove the pathological tissues and endorse healing. Tideglusib, is a glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor which treats Alzheimer disease, it has been investigated for its efficiency in bone regeneration. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of Tideglusib on bone regeneration compared to injectable platelet rich fibrin in rabbits' tibial defects.
Methodology: Twenty four adult male New Zealand rabbits, weighing about 2.5- 3.5 kg, were used in this study. Full-thickness flap was elevated to expose tibial bone. A 4 mm bone defect was created on each rabbit tibia. The defects were divided into four groups: Group (CN): control received no treatment (n = 12), Group (CG): control received Gelatin sponge (n = 12), Group (G/i-PRF): Gelatin sponge + i-PRF (n = 12), Group (G/TDG): Gelatin sponge+ Tideglusib (n =12). Rabbits were sacrificed four week post-operatively, then Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for osteogenic markers, Histopathological, Histochemical and Histocmorhometric analyses were performed.
Results: Statistically significant difference was recorded between groups (p<0.05), as Group (G/TDG) showed the highest genes expression for all biomarkers and newly formed bone area percentage (%) and mature bone area % followed by Group (G/i-PRF), then Group (CG) and the lowest value was observed with Group (CN).
Conclusion: Tisuglusib is biocompatible with the potential to upregulate osteogenic marker genes with a robust anabolic effect on the regeneration process of tibial bone defect in rabbits compared with i-PRF