Abstract
Background: There is few evidence about the biocompatibility of premixed bioceramic putty (NeoPUTTY) to be used in vital pulp therapy. Aim of the study: in vitro evaluation of the effects of premixed bioceramic putty (NeoPUTTY) on human fibroblasts compared with a conventional MTA (ROOTDENT). Materials and Methods: Human fibroblast cells were divided into 3 groups; group I: a negative control group that contained cells without treatment materials, group II: positive control group in which cells were treated with MTA and group III: test group in which cells were treated with the premixed bioceramic putty (NeoPUTTY). Cell viability was evaluated for the three groups using the following tests; Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain, MTT assay, Immunohistochemistry to detect caspase 3 (CASP3) after 24 and 72 hours and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for expression of CASP3 after 72 hours. Results: Human fibroblasts examined under light microscope and exposed to MTA exhibited cell membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies indicating late apoptosis. While In NeoPUTTY group, fibroblasts showed early apoptotic features and some cells exhibited normal mitotic figures suggesting more biocompatibility of NeoPUTTY than MTA. MTT assay and immunohistochemical analysis for CASP3 revealed higher cell viability in premixed bioceramic putty group after 24 hours and 72 hours compared with MTA and the results were statistically significant. qPCR revealed upregulation of caspase3 gene expression in MTA group more than that obtained by Neoputty group. Conclusions: Premixed bioceramic putty (NeoPUTTY) can be recommended as a superior biocompatible alternative to MTA.