The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of removing the left kidney on renal functions and some hematological variables in white male New Zealand rabbits. This study enrolled randomly on 60 rabbits which allocated in four equal groups 15 of each. Total nephrectomy was performed aseptically for all rabbits and then general health, clinical, and biochemical hematological investigations were taken one month after nephrectomy, then two months, and three months later. The results showed a significant decrease in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, white blood cells, and Packed Cells Volume P.C.V. % one month after the operation, then these variables began to rise after two and then three months, compared with the control group, and at the level of probability (P≤0.05). While biochemical analysis for kidney function showed a significant increase in the concentrations of uric acid, urea, and creatinine, in the group of rabbits one month after the nephrectomy compared to the control group, while the level of these variables began to decrease after two months, up to the third month, but this decline did not reach the level of the control group, and at the level of probability (P≤0.05). Conclusion: in this research, it has been found that the unilateral nephrectomy in white male New Zealand rabbits leads to physiological and biochemical changes that vary between decrease and increase depending on over different time periods one, tow, and three months after total nephrectomy.