This study investigates the impact of sodium valprolate on fetuses' brains and the placenta of pregnant mice, evaluating concurrent folic acid treatment's effect. 30  pregnant female mice were separated into 6 groups of 5 mice each, as follows: G1, control group received no treatment, G2, sodium valprolate group received 250 mg/kg, G3, sodium valprolate group received 500 mg/kg, G4, folic acid alone, G5 sodium valprolate group received 500 mg/kg and folic acid 5 mg/kg, G6, sodium valprolate group received 250 mg/kg and folic acid 5 mg/kg All dosages were administered orally at a rate of one dose of each agent per day for 18 days. Histopathological, alterations were observed in the brains of mice fetuses treated with sodium valprolate at two different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) in the second and third groups. They demonstrated significant blood vessel congestion in the cortex, vasogenic edema, perineuronal vacuolation, and satellitosis. In the group of folic acid plus sodium valprolate demonstrated tissue structure similar to normal. Histopathological changes were also observed in the placentas of the sodium valprolate groups include Severe vacuolated glycogen cells and Spongiotrophoblast with necrosis and hypoplasia of villi, and the biochemical changes included decrease in the level of glutathione and the superoxide dismutase, with an increase in the level of malondialdehyde and changes in the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. We infer that folic acid has a beneficial effect in minimizing the deleterious effects of sodium valproate on the brains of fetuses and the placentas of pregnant mice.