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Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical and Microbial Safety in Grilled Meat and Poultry from Baiji City Markets: A Focus on Red and White Varieties

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Pharmacology & Toxicology

Abstract

The study investigated the chemical composition and pollution levels, including heavy metals such as copper, cadmium, lead, zinc, and cobalt, and microbial contamination, in four types of grilled meat sold in the markets of Beiji City. The samples were collected from three different regions in the city between March 15, 2022, and mid-April. Results showed good levels of moisture, protein, and  fat in the studied meat samples by A.O.A.C. with the highest moisture content recorded in chicken kebab samples (72.81%) and the lowest moisture content recorded in chicken shawarma (69.32%). Protein levels ranged from 16.87% to 19.23%, with the highest level in beef kebab and the lowest level in chicken shawarma. Results of the study showed an increase in zinc levels in all samples, with the highest level recorded in beef kebab (7.738 ppm). Zinc levels in chicken kebab, beef shawarma, and chicken shawarma were 6.911 ppm, 6.780 ppm, and 6.036 ppm, respectively. Lead levels were high in all studied meat samples, ranging from 0.1334 ppm to 0.1444 ppm. The highest cobalt level was recorded in chicken shawarma at 0.067 ppm. Copper levels varied with the type of meat, with the highest level recorded in beef kebab at 5.251 ppm and the lowest level recorded in beef shawarma at 3.038 ppm. Cadmium levels were highest in chicken kebab at 1.600 ppm and lowest in chicken shawarma at 1.018 ppm. Beef shawarma and chicken kebab had total bacterial counts of 64.12 x 103 CFU/g and 48.26 x 103 CFU/g, respectively. Microbial pollution showed the highest total bacterial count in beef kebab at 86.13 x 103 colony-forming units (CFU)/g and the lowest in chicken shawarma at 33.14 x 103 CFU/g. We conclude from the results of our current study the high level of moisture in the tissues of chicken kebabs, and that the highest level of protein was in the tissues of chicken kebabs, as well as the highest percentage of fat in meat shawarma.

DOI

10.21608/ejvs.2024.263918.1789

Keywords

chemical, Microbial, grilled meat, Poultry sold, A.O.A.C

Authors

First Name

Farkad

Last Name

Musa

MiddleName

Hawas

Affiliation

College Education for Pure science / University Of Anbar

Email

farkadhawasm@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Zainab

Last Name

Altaee

MiddleName

Agab

Affiliation

College of Dentistry/ University Of Anbar

Email

zainabagab@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Tariq

Last Name

Albashr

MiddleName

Kh.M.

Affiliation

Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit. Iraq, Tikrit

Email

tariqkmalbasher@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Nada

Last Name

Attallah

MiddleName

Ali

Affiliation

Anbar Directorate of Education, Anbar,Iraq

Email

nada.a.a@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Eman

Last Name

Saleh

MiddleName

N

Affiliation

University of Anbar

Email

aemanng349@uoanbar.edu.iq

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

55

Article Issue

7

Related Issue

46472

Issue Date

2024-12-01

Receive Date

2024-01-19

Publish Date

2024-12-01

Page Start

1,955

Page End

1,960

Print ISSN

1110-0222

Online ISSN

2357-089X

Link

https://ejvs.journals.ekb.eg/article_346755.html

Detail API

https://ejvs.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=346755

Order

346,755

Type

Original Article

Type Code

140

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Publication Link

https://ejvs.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical and Microbial Safety in Grilled Meat and Poultry from Baiji City Markets: A Focus on Red and White Varieties

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024