Pneumonia is a frequent ailment that affects small ruminants, characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma.It is frequently brought on by a confluence of environmental variables, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. male and female sheep and goat, were inspected in this study. Samples from sheep and goat animals at Mosul's slaughterhouse and butcher shops were collected during weekly inspections. The results revealed different types pneumonia and lesions of lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes, bronchopneumonia was the most higher evidence of type of pneumonia , followed by interstitial pneumonia 51.33% , then fibrinous pneumonia 46.66%, granulomatous pneumonia 43.33% and verminous pneumonia 25.33%. Based on the lesions, hydrated cysts are the most common 60%% , congestion and hemorrhage 45.33%, pulmonary abscesses 36.66%, pulmonary adenomatosis 16.66%. The study concluded that the most prevalent and significant ovine diseases that impaired the lower respiratory system's function and activity were lesions in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes, particularly different types of pneumonia and hydrated cyst infestation.