The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence of blood protozoa in cattle in Babylon governorate, Iraq, through direct microscopic examination of blood smears, to study some of the   hematological and biochemical changes, and to investigate some of the risk factors related to the disease. Blood samples were collected from 232 cattle of different ages from different parts of the Babylonian governorate and during different seasons. The overall prevalence of blood protozoa in cattle at Babylon governorate was 19.82% (46 out of 232). The prevalence of infection with Babesia bigemina was 7.75% (18 out of 232), Theileria annulata was 6.89% (16 out of 232), Anaplasma marginale was 5.17% (12 out of 232). There was a significant reduction in the levels of RBCs, hemoglobin, PCV, MCH, total platelet count, originator of fibrin, calcium, copper, iron, selenium, total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, and glucose in the infected animals with blood protozoa, while there was a significant elevation in the levels of ESR, AST, ALT, LDH, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin in the infected animals with blood protozoa. The following are some of the risk factors related to a higher prevalence of blood protozoa : the older ages (3-7) years, exotic breeds, western and southern regions of the governorate, outdoor feeding, and the summer and spring seasons. In conclusion, the blood protozoa is prevalent in cattle in Babylon governorate and there are many risk factors linked to its prevalence.