Overveiw: Cisplatin (CIS) is a perfect antineoplastic medicine resulting in severe testicular toxicity. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that can prevent gonadal toxicity. exosomes have been demonstrated to have a vital effect in tissue regeneration.
Aim to the Work: To evaluate the potential protective effects of melatonin and exosomes developed from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EX) in testicular toxicity caused by cisplatin.
Materials and Methods: Fifty rats were divided in a random way into five equal groups. Group I (control group). Group II were given a single dose (8 mg/kg) of cisplatin intraperitoneally I.P. Group III (melatonin group): intra peritoneal administration of melatonin (4 ɱg/kg) started 5 days before cisplatin injection for 15 days. Group IV (exosomes group): a single intra venous dose of 100 μց BMSC-EX one day before cisplatin dose. Group V (melatonin and exosomes). Specimens of the testicles were collected and processed for immunohistochemical and histological analysis.
Results: Group II declared distortion, irregular outline of the seminiferous tubule, with critical accumulation (P <0.01) of collagen fibers. A substantial elevation was present (P <0.01) in TNF-α immunostaining and substantial reduction (P <0.01) was seen in AR and PCNA immunostaining in comparison to control group. Groups III and IV exhibited some microscopic histological variations development, a critical reduction (P <0.01) was also observed in collagen fibers deposition and TNF-α immunostaining and critical elevation (P <0.01) was present in AR and PCNA immunostaining in comparison to group II. In comparison to control group, group V histological structure was similar.
Conclusion: Each of melatonin and exosomes can protect against testicular toxicity caused by cisplatin when administered before and during cisplatin therapy, but their combined administration has better results.