Introduction: Among the Palestinian population, lung cancer was the most common cause of death among cancer patients (22.8%) followed by prostate cancer (9.5%).
Aim of the Work: The aims of this study were to examine the expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight prostatic tissue sections: 6 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 52 prostatic carcinomas were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for grading identification. Moreover, tissue blocks were immunohistochemically stained for PSA and PTHrP using specific monoclonal antibodies, including anti-PSA and anti-PTHrP. Area and intensity of staining for PSA and PTHrP were quantitatively analyzed and correlated with the documented seven forms of Gleason scores.
Results: Generally, PSA and PTHrP expressions were positive in all specimens. In those specimens with positive staining, the expression varied between cells. PSA expression was positively (P < 0.001) correlated to the expression of PTHrP among all investigated specimens. It is obvious that the area (μm2) of immunoexpressed PSA and PTHrP was positively (r = 0.274 and r = 0.474, P < 0.001) correlated with the various grades of prostate cancer. However, the intensity displayed a negative correlation (r = - 0.619 and r = - 0.359, P < 0.001) between the immunoexpressed PSA and PTHrP and the various grades of prostate cancer, respectively. Thereby, the immunoreactivity for PSA is related to PTHrP expression in prostatic tissue.
Conclusion: The counteract behavior of area and intensity of expressed PSA and PTHrP has to be considered during diagnosis. This immunophenotypic characteristic should be focused on advanced scores of Gleason scores..