Introduction: Fluorosis can be caused by long-term fluoride exposure. The kidney is one of the organs most commonly harmed by fluoride. In cytotoxic amounts, fluoride can cause oxidative changes, histopathological lesions and DNA deterioration. Resveratrol is a potent natural antioxidant minimizing oxidative damage induced by many toxins in the different tissues.
Aim of the Work: The goal of this research is to find out how much Sodium Fluoride (Na F) affects kidney cells, its oxidative enzymes and its DNA and how Resveratrol (RSV) can prevent and repair it.
Materials and Methods: 36 adult male albino rats were used in this research divided into 3 main groups: control group further subdivided into 2 subgroups, Na F treated received10 mg/kg b.w of Na F and the protected group (Na F with resveratrol) which received both 10 mg/kg b.w of Na F and 30 mg/kg b.w of resveratrol. The experiment lasted for 30 days. The toxicity of Na F was assessed histologically, biochemically, and by using Comet assay.
Results: In the Na F-treated group, histological investigation indicated abnormal cellular pattern in the form of cellular vacuolation, intertubular hemorrhage, and cellular infiltration, as well as increased Bowman's space thickness along with a lower Bcl-2 percentage. In the cellular homogenate of the Na F treated group kidneys, biochemical data revealed altered antioxidative enzymatic levels; MDA levels were increased significantly along with a decrease in SOD& GPX levels. In addition, there was increased DNA damage which was indicated by Comet assay. The majority of these effects, however, were improved when Resveratrol was administered concurrently.
Conclusion: Resveratrol can mimic the effects of sodium fluoride on the kidneys.