Introduction: Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a strong oxidizing agent and utilized as a flour improver. KBrO3 has Carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, it could generate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Potassium bromate is accused as irritating material to tissue surfaces which comes in contact with. Riboflavin has a vital role in cellular function and growth. It possesses a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects.
Objective: Estimate the effect of Potassium bromate on gastric fundic mucosa and the possible ameliorating effect of riboflavin in adult male albino rats.
Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats utilized in the current work. The rats were split to control group, Riboflavin-treated group, Potassium bromate-treated group, Potassium bromate and Riboflavin treated group. At the assigned time, the gastric fundic tissues were obtained for biochemical, histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies
Results: Potassium bromate treated group exhibited marked deterioration of the fundic mucosa as a wide area of epithelial discontinuity, parietal and chief cells appeared with small darkly stained nuclei. Congested blood vessels, and mononuclear cellular infiltrations were observed. Dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and confluent secretory granules were detected in chief cells. Statistically, there were a highly significant rise in the mean values of optical density for interleukin 6 (IL6) and mean number of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells. However, these histological changes were alleviated after riboflavin concomitant administration.
Conclusion: KBrO3 has been proved to induce structural changes in the fundic mucosa, and these changes can be ameliorated by concomitant administration of riboflavin.