Introduction: Sodium fluoride (NaF) is a double-edged weapon against human health. We are exposed to it from different sources and it is proved to have a neurotoxic effect. Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that possesses powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Aim of the Work: The purpose of this study was to examine the histopathological and oxidative effects of NaF on rats' cerebellar cortex and the defensive role of RES.
Material and Methods: In this study, 40 adult male albino rats were utilized. The rats were placed randomly into four groups, each with 10 animals. Rats in Group I (Control negative group) did not receive any drugs. Group II: (Control positive group) rats received 30 mg/kg of RES. Group III (Treated group): rats received 10 mg/kg B.W of NaF. Group IV (Protected group): rats received 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg of NaF and RES respectively. The doses were conducted once daily for a period of 30 days. Cerebella were obtained at the end and processed.
Results: NaF was found to disrupt the mean levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in addition to light microscope studies that showed marked disturbances of the cerebellar cortex layers. There were extensive morphometric and statistical changes. There was a highly significant increase in the mean area percent of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as well as a highly significant increase in the mean area percent of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the treated group when compared to the control and protected groups. Co-administration of RES with NaF protected against such changes.
Conclusion: Adult male albino rats' cerebellar cortex architecture was substantially changed by exposure to NaF, both histologically and biochemically. The use of RES in combination with NaF guarded against the neurotoxicity of NaF.