This study aimed to establish a description of the situation of recreational fishing and evaluate its impact on the marine ecosystem in the Mostaganem region through a bio-socioeconomic study.  A survey was conducted among 206 recreational fishermen along the Mostaganem Coast, representing a community predominantly composed of young individuals (80% under 50 years old), who rely on fishing as their primary source of food (92%). These fishermen use a variety of fishing gears and techniques, some of which are prohibited by regulations and engage in the sale of their catches. The study revealed that recreational fishing in the region of Mostaganem takes a completely different direction than its legal definition, with infringement of the regulations in force at different levels by different practices. Moreover, this activity is in unfair competition with professional fishing for the exploitation of the fishery resource with a significant annual production of about 345 tons, generating net profits estimated at €1.24 million, which must be taken into account in the planning of the management of a fishery.