This study examined the seasonal fluctuations of heavy element concentrations on water surfaces (Fe, Pb, Cd, Zn, Co, Mn, and Se) and how they conform to environmental quality requirements. The highest concentrations of heavy elements were detected in spring, with the highest amounts of iron and zinc. The study additionally examined how heavy element buildup varied by season in different aquatic plant species. The results revealed that Aster subulatus accumulates the most iron, lead, and zinc in the spring, Imperata cylindrica accumulates the most cobalt in the spring, and Aster subulatus reaches peak cadmium levels in the autumn. Different plant species have different preferences for certain heavy elements. Furthermore, manganese accumulates most in Phragmites australis during the spring. These results highlighted the importance of choosing the right plant species for phytoremediation projects. The research also identified bioconcentration variables, with  Phragmites australis being the best at accumulating iron, Imperata cylindrica being the best at accumulating lead, and Convolvulus arvensis being the best at accumulating zinc. These findings provided important information for managing pollution, conserving the environment, and using aquatic plants in phytoremediation techniques. This work highlighted the intricate interactions between variables affecting the accumulation of heavy elements in aquatic plants and stressed the necessity for a sophisticated ecosystem management strategy that takes into account species-specific variations and environmental circumstances. The complex mechanisms influencing heavy elements buildup, water quality, and the ecological consequences of these discoveries call for more investigation.