The instability caused by climate change and the Covid-19 outbreak has made the livelihood of flying fish egg fishermen vulnerable. The flying fish egg fishermen have tried a variety of income-generating strategies. [R1] [F2] Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the sources of vulnerability of the Flying Fish (Torani) Roes Fisherman household due to climate change and the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was done in Galesong District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach, with the following participants: the labour fishermen (sawi), fishermen's wives, financier fishermen (pinggawa), and key informants. [R3] [F4] Data were collected using a literature review from government and academic research reports, formal and informal interviews, focus group discussions (FDGs) and researcher observations. Formal interviews were conducted with several key informants and stakeholders. Informal interviews were conducted with the Torani fishing community and the fishermen's wives. The results indicated fishermen have struggled to cover their family's expenses due to reduced income during the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, limiting gas consumption, uncertain weather, and fluctuating egg prices have impacted fishermen financially. This vulnerability threatens the welfare of fishermen as flying fish. Therefore, environmental factors, fishing technology, business capital, and government policies to increase fuel prices are the sources of vulnerability for Torani fishermen.
[R1]I think the introduction is too long. Please reduce
[F2]Done
[R3]Please specify the method to obtain the results
[F4]I have added the methods