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299579

Physicochemical and Bacteriological Assessment of some Groundwaters in Al-Khoarah, Rabigh Governorate, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

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Last updated: 23 Dec 2024

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Abstract

Before using well water for human health maintenance, its quality and compatibility for human and agricultural consumption require regular evaluation. Thus, ten water samples were collected from ten wells scattered in the area of Al-Khoarah of Rabigh, Makkah Province, Saudia Arabia. Samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, including salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC),  anions (F-1, NO3-1, SO4-2, Cl-1), Cations  (K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Be, Ba, As, Al, Ag, Zn, Sb, Se, Pb, Hg & Cu). In addition, bacteriological assessment (Total coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria & total bacterial count) was addressed in this study. The physical, chemical, and microbiological analyses were compared to the standards of the World Health Organization, the Saudi Standards Organization (SASO), and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCCS). Following WHO guidelines, the total hardness, EC, and salinity of water samples from all wells were significantly higher than the permissible limits. The anions were found to be below the WHO's acceptable standards for drinking water quality; whereas, the cations exceeded the WHO's allowable limits. Six water wells were contaminated with fecal coliform bacteria, suggesting that the water was unsafe for human consumption.

DOI

10.21608/ejabf.2023.299579

Keywords

Rabigh, Drinking water, physicochemical, Bacteriology, Total fecal coliform, Fecal coliform, Saudi Arabia

Authors

First Name

Raid M.

Last Name

Bugis et al.

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Volume

27

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

41228

Issue Date

2023-05-01

Receive Date

2023-05-20

Publish Date

2023-05-01

Page Start

87

Page End

108

Print ISSN

1110-6131

Online ISSN

2536-9814

Link

https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/article_299579.html

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https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=299579

Order

6

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Original Article

Type Code

103

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries

Publication Link

https://ejabf.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Physicochemical and Bacteriological Assessment of some Groundwaters in Al-Khoarah, Rabigh Governorate, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

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Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024