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Chemical Stability and Byproducts Identification of Hexythiazox Emulsion concentrate under Thermal Storage, Hydrolysis, and Photolysis in Egyptian Clay Soil

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Soils, food security and human health

Abstract

In the present study, the stability of hexythiazox in the formulation of Efdal hekzarun 5% EC after accelerated hot storage for 14 weeks at 35, 40, 45, and 54 °C, forced acidic and alkaline hydrolysis for 7 days in 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01N in HCl and NaOH, and photolysis in clay soil of Egypt for 14 days was investigated. The results showed that the active ingredient decreased by 18.15% after 14 weeks of storage at 54 °C. However, the decline within the same time period ranged between 5-10% at 35, 40, and 45 °C, respectively. Thus, hexythiazox storage complied with FAO specification after more than 14 weeks at 35°C and not after more than 9, 8, and 4 weeks at 40, 45, and 54°C, respectively. The data showed that the degradation rate of hexythiazox was dependent on its initial concentration and increased progressively as temperature increased. Furthermore, the shelf life of hexythiazox after storage at 54°C was found to be approximately 1/5 that of its shelf life after storage at 35°C. The kinetics of hexythiazox degradation under the studied conditions followed the first-order model, being dependent upon its initial concentration. The shelf life (t0.95) and half-life (t1/2) of hexythiazox in forced alkaline solutions were less than those in acidic solutions. The results revealed that hexythiazox is a non-persistent pesticide in soil; it decomposed rapidly in Egyptian clay-loam soil, with an 80.53% reduction in 14 days at ambient conditions and a half-life (t1/2) of 5.75 days. This is due to soil pH (8.59), organic matter (1.92), and the molecular structure of hexythiazox, which contains chromophores such as ethylene and carbonyl groups; it may be sensitive to direct photolysis by sunlight because it absorbs wavelengths longer than 290 nm. According to the GC/MS analysis, hexythiazox was degraded to different byproducts after specified conditions. The benzene and cyclohexane rings remain stable under different applied conditions; however, the thiazolidine ring is cleaved and opened during thermal and forced acidic hydrolysis and remains stable after alkaline hydrolysis and soil photolysis. The contraction reaction is unique to the forced alkaline hydrolysis and photolysis of hexythiazox in clay-loam soil; thus, two products were identified: 4-chloro-2-(cyclohexanecarboxamido) benzoic acid and 3-cyclohexyl-1-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl) urea; the latter one and 4-methyl-5-phenylthiazolidine-2-one were identified in the forced alkaline hydrolysis of hexythiazox.

DOI

10.21608/ejss.2024.327470.1883

Keywords

hexythiazox, accelerated hot storage, clay soil, GC/MS, Degradation, shelf-life, Half-life

Authors

First Name

Hany

Last Name

Mansour

MiddleName

A. B.

Affiliation

Central agricultural Pesticide Laboratory - Pesticide Analysis Research Department

Email

hanyatef133@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

0009-0005-5903-0292

First Name

Olfat

Last Name

Radwan

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Head of researcher in Pesticides analyses Department, CAPL, Agriculture Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Email

ddr.olfatradwan1970@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Farida

Last Name

el dars

MiddleName

M. S. E.

Affiliation

Chemistry Depart, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795 Egypt.

Email

fkeldars@aucegypt.edu

City

cairo

Orcid

0000-0002-1564-1615

Volume

65

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

51049

Issue Date

2025-03-01

Receive Date

2024-10-12

Publish Date

2025-03-01

Print ISSN

0302-6701

Online ISSN

2357-0369

Link

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_393602.html

Detail API

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=393602

Order

393,602

Type

Original Article

Type Code

19

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Soil Science

Publication Link

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Chemical Stability and Byproducts Identification of Hexythiazox Emulsion concentrate under Thermal Storage, Hydrolysis, and Photolysis in Egyptian Clay Soil

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024