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354858

Molecular Characterization, Etiology of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an Emerging Fungal Pathogen of White Mold Disease in Eggplant and its Biocontrol Using Soil Bioagents

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Soils, food security and human health

Abstract

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold disease, resulting in losses of up to 50% in several host plants worldwide. It is a harmful fungus as it infects plants at any stage of development, in the field, or in storage; this includes young seedlings, mature plants, and fruits. The accessibility of molecular and biological methods has contributed significantly to our understanding of S. sclerotiorum etiology and progression. The present research aimed to characterize S. sclerotiorum causing white mold disease in eggplant (S. melobgena), evaluate the potentiality of some bio-agents for inhibiting the fungus growth and develop a strategy for dealing with the disease challenge. Eggplants grown in open fields and greenhouses showed cottony growth on their stems, followed by the emergence of sclerotia. A fungal growth with fluffy mycelium and considerable sclerotia was isolated from the infected tissues. Polyphasic characterization and phytopathological analysis identified the fungus as S. sclerotiorum. The symptoms previously seen in the field were reproduced by inoculating healthy eggplant roots, stems, and leaves with the fungus. The ITS rDNA sequencing (564 bp) homology and phylogenetic analysis showed 99% sequence similarity of the isolate with multiple S. sclerotiorum. A wide range of strategies are required for disease management. S. sclerotiorum is sensitive to competition from other bacteria. Such a technique might act as an initial basis for effective biological control of white mold. The results demonstrated that eight isolates have very strong antagonistic activity against S. sclerotiorum. Reduced rates ranged from 63.1% (65 D) to 39.0.1% (75 A1). At the same time, the effect of the Trichoderma harzianum fungus against the pathogen S. sclerotium was apparent in restricting mycelium growth and inhibiting the fungus growth. ITS sequencing identified the mycopathogen. The interaction of seven Bacillus spp isolates with S. sclerotiorum on PDA culture media highlighted these isolates' capacity to limit the pathogen's mycelial growth. Furthermore, the antimicrobial agent must remain in the same environment for an extended period while also being active against the pathogen.

DOI

10.21608/ejss.2024.221538.1746

Keywords

Biocontrol, Eggplant, ITS, bio-agents, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, pathogenicity

Authors

First Name

Marwan

Last Name

Alsalamah

MiddleName

A

Affiliation

Qassim University, Saudi Arabia

Email

marwan.3040@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Khalid

Last Name

Hamed

MiddleName

E

Affiliation

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, PO Box 6622, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Email

kh.mohammed@qu.edu.sa

City

Buraidah

Orcid

-

First Name

R

Last Name

Sayyed

MiddleName

Z

Affiliation

Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal's S I Arts, G B Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada-425409, India:

Email

sayyedrz@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-1553-1213

First Name

Ayman

Last Name

Omar

MiddleName

F

Affiliation

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, PO Box 6622, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Email

a.mohmed@qu.edu.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

64

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

46704

Issue Date

2024-09-01

Receive Date

2024-04-07

Publish Date

2024-09-01

Page Start

963

Page End

979

Print ISSN

0302-6701

Online ISSN

2357-0369

Link

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/article_354858.html

Detail API

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=354858

Order

18

Type

Original Article

Type Code

19

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Soil Science

Publication Link

https://ejss.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Molecular Characterization, Etiology of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an Emerging Fungal Pathogen of White Mold Disease in Eggplant and its Biocontrol Using Soil Bioagents

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Dec 2024