Acacia origena, a member of the Leguminosae family, thrives in the challenging environmental conditions of southwestern Saudi Arabia and holds significant economic value. However, the recent occurrence of forest fires has posed a considerable threat to this species, prompting a comprehensive exploration of its resilience. This study investigates the impact of forest fires on Acacia origena, a resilient species in southwestern Saudi Arabia, with a focus on wood anatomy, soil chemical characteristics, and associated microorganisms in Al Mofareh Mountain, Alsoudah, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Fifteen samples from burned and unburned areas were analyzed. These samples were sectioned in both transverse and tangential planes to facilitate light microscopy and the analysis of wood anatomy, revealing distinctive coloration and structural changes in burned tissues. Larger-diameter specimens demonstrated greater resilience, accumulating tannins and forming tyloses to insulate damaged areas. Soil analysis indicated post-fire alterations in texture, composition, and nutrient levels. Microbial assessments highlighted varying responses in yeast and total germ colonies, it was increased by 75%. These findings provide valuable insights into the ecological responses of A. origena and soil ecosystems to fire, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive studies to guide conservation and management efforts in fire-affected regions