Algorithms are fundamental to artificial intelligence (AI), enabling data collection, analysis, and interpretation, thus facilitating machine learning and system programming. They drive innovation in various fields by simulating human thinking and decision-making. This paper explores the pivotal role of algorithms in enhancing AI capabilities, contributing to sustainable development, and improving system performance. Algorithms are crucial in problem-solving and decision-making, with applications in fields of mathematical operations and urban planning and others... As AI evolves, future algorithm development will enhance AI's ability to handle large data environments and revolutionize sectors like healthcare, finance, manufacturing, and transportation. However, human oversight is essential to ensure accuracy and reliability. Ethical considerations are vital for responsible AI deployment. Collaboration between technologists, policymakers, and ethicists is necessary to address AI's limitations, reduce biases, and enhance adaptability. Promoting public awareness about AI technologies can help shape policies that align with societal values. In conclusion, algorithms are key to AI development, enhancing data processing and decision-making capabilities. The synergy between AI and human expertise promises significant advancements, fostering a future where AI augments human abilities and addresses complex challenges ethically and transparently.