The present study is a trial to investigate the effective doses of ginseng bulk (Gin) and ginseng nanoparticles (Gin NPs) on male rat reproduction. One-hundred and twenty adult male rats were randomly distributed into three groups; control:10 rats received distilled water (1 ml). Gin group: subdivided into 6 subgroups (10 rats per each) were administered with ginseng at a dose of (20, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 600) mg/ kg BW. Gin NPs group: subdivided into 5 subgroups (10 rats per each) were administered Gin NPs (30, 60, 150, 300 and 450) mg/ kg BW. All rats received distilled water and drug solution orally/once a day/8 weeks. Hormonal assay, semen analysis, body weight gain, testis weight, gonadosomatic index and histological examination were carried out. Surprisingly, the higher doses of ginseng bulk (200, 400 and 600) and its nanoparticles (150, 300 and 450) were toxic, where rats died during the experimental period. All surviving rats showed no change in testosterone and FSH levels compared with control. However, rats treated with Gin 100 showed significant elevation in LH level compared to control, Gin 20 and Gin 50. In addition, rats treated with Gin NPs 30 and 60 showed significant increase in LH level compared with Gin 100 and 50, respectively. Rats treated with Gin 100 and Gin NPs 30 showed significant increase in sperm count. Besides, Gin NPs 30 showed significant increase in sperm motility compared with control. The histological examination of animals revealed normal testicular architecture, sperm stages, Sertoli and Leydig cells. However, in Gin 100, Gin NPs 30 groups showed significant number of spermatozoa fill the lumen of seminiferous tubules. In conclusion, the most effective doses of ginseng bulk and its nanoparticles were (20, 50 and 100) and (30 and 60), respectively, specifically, Gin 100, Gin NPs 30 and 60 showed more improvement in sperm analysis and hormonal level.