Laparoscopic bariatric surgery is a well-established operation that is frequently carried out in the reverse Trendelenburg position. It is widely known that postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), particularly postoperative respiratory failure, significantly increase postoperative length of hospital stay as well as perioperative morbidity and death. Various methods were employed to reduce post-operative problems. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to outline various methods for reducing post-operative problems following bariatric surgery.

Obesity considerably impairs respiratory performance by reducing lung volume, especially the functional residual capacity (FRC) and expiratory reserve volume (ERV). Strength and resistance may decrease as a result of the respiratory muscles' inefficiency. All of these elements contribute to inspiratory overload, which raises the amount of oxygen consumed, the respiratory energy used, and the amount of effort required to breathe.

The interaction of genes with the environment, lifestyle, and emotional variables leads to the complex and multifaceted etiology of obesity. A significant risk factor for obesity is the modern lifestyle.