Introduction: Hydrocele is among the most common benign conditions of the scrotum. Its incidence is around 1% in the
adult male population, with a predilection for males above 40 years of age.
Aim: This is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of eversion of tunica vaginalis versus fenestration in the
treatment of unilateral primary vaginal hydrocele in adult males.
Patients and Methods: This is prospective study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Al-Zahraa
University Hospital, between May 2023 and April 2024. This study was done on 30 patients who were classified into
two equal groups. Group A includes 15 patients undergoing excision eversion of tunica vaginalis. Group B 15 patients
undergoing fenestration of tunica vaginalis. All the patients were followed up postoperatively in weeks 1, 4, and 12.
Results: Out of the patients in group A (eversion), three (20%) patients had edema and hardness, and only one (6.7%)
patient had a postoperative hematoma. Additionally, one (6.7%) patient reported a wound infection, and another patient
(6.7%) reported a recurrence. Nine patients, or 60% of the total, had no postoperative problems. Merely two (13.3%)
patients of the research participants in group B (fenestration) exhibited problems, with one (6.7%) patient experiencing
edema and hardness. Furthermore, one (6.7%) patient reported having a wound infection. Out of the total patients, 13
(86.5%) patients had no postoperative problems.
Conclusion: We hereby present our experience with that the fenestration technique to be the procedure of choice for the
treatment of primary vaginal hydrocele.