Recent data support a role of bile-resistant Helicobacter sp. in the development of gallbladder disease. Our aim was to 
identify the presence of Helicobacter organism in association with calcular cholecystitis among Egyptian patients. Twenty 
eight patients were included in the study and subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The presence of Helicobacter sp. in bile and resected gallbladder tissue were investigated by culture, histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Helicobacter genus-specific primers. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures of gallbladder tissue, bile and gall stones were also done to exclude other bacteria which might be encountered in biliary infections. Culture for Helicobacter organisms were negative while histopathological examination of gallbladder tissue revealed curved bacteria suggestive of the organism in 2 specimens. helicobacter DNA was detected by PCR analysis in 57% and 21% of bile samples and resected gallbladder tissue respectively. All positive gallbladder specimens simultaneously revealed Helicobacter DNA in their bile samples. The current data support the concept of association of Helicobacter organisms with chronic calcular cholecystitis and a possible implication in the disease pathology. However, further epidemiological molecular studies are recommended for sequence analysis and identification of species distribution among Egyptian patients.