Background: The use of composite polyglactin polyprolene (Vypro) mesh might carry the hope of 
strengthen the rectovaginal septum with minimal erosion rate.
Purpose: To evaluate repair of traumatic rectovaginal fistula by Vypro mesh regarding erosion rate, 
recurrence and its effect on sexual function.
Methods: The study was conducted on twenty female patients. Pre operative data collected from patients 
included: patients' demographics, and a questionnaire for the presenting symptoms. Vypro mesh was 
inserted between the rectum and vagina through transperineal incision after excision of the fistula. The 
Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL) score, and CCF continence score, were recorded. Patients were 
followed up after two weeks, 3months and one year. 
Results: Mean operative (OR) time was 41.9 ± 19.1 minutes. No postoperative mortalities. Postoperative 
complications occurred in 7 patients in the form of: urinary tract infection in 2 patients, upper respiratory 
tract infection in 1 patient and wound infection in 4 patients, all of them started between the 3rd and 6th day 
postoperative.
After 2 weeks 16 patients (80%) showed improvement of symptoms while 4 patients who got wound 
infection didn't show symptom improvement. After 3 months 18 patients showed symptom improvement 
while the other 2 patients remained without improvement. 2 patients had mesh erosion.
Conclusions: Excision of rectovaginal fistula with reinforcement of rectovaginal septum using Vypro mesh 
is safe and reliable. Postoperative erosions and recurrences are possible serious inevitable complications in a 
considerable % of patients.