Background: Surgical site adverse events (SSAEs) following vascular reconstructive procedures, particularly in the
groin area, present significant challenges, impacting patient outcomes, and healthcare costs. We conducted a randomized
controlled trial to assess the efficacy of closed incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (CINPT) in reducing groin
wound complications compared with standard dressings.
Patients and Methods: Patients undergoing lower limb vascular procedures involving groin incisions were enrolled
and randomized into two groups: CINPT or standard dressings. Baseline characteristics were recorded, and wound
assessments were conducted at 5, 10–14, and 30 days postoperatively, utilizing the Szilagyi classification for wound
grading. The primary outcome was the occurrence of any groin wound complication within 30 days.
Results: Among 62 patients (70 groins), CINPT significantly reduced the incidence of groin wound complications
compared with standard dressings (5.26% vs. 28.13%, P=0.022). Revision surgeries were less frequent in the CINPT
group, though not statistically significant. CINPT was associated with a shorter hospital stay (5.86±2.49 days vs. 8.74±5.90
days, P=0.0096). Subgroup analysis revealed significant benefits of CINPT in patients over 50 years, diabetics, smokers,
and those with elevated inflammatory markers.
Conclusion: CINPT offers a promising strategy for mitigating groin wound complications following vascular procedures,
enhancing patient outcomes, and potentially reducing healthcare costs.