This research aimed to understand the status of small agricultural holdings in Yemen. Their economic importance for development. Their contribution to achieving food security. and to diagnose the problems and challenges they face. To achieve these objectives. The researcher relied on quantitative and descriptive methods. in addition to using standard analytical and statistical tools. The results indicated that the plant agricultural sector in Yemen currently has approximately one million-one hundred ninety-four thousand-three hundred seventy-one (1194.371) small and subsistence projects constituting about 61.30% of the total agricultural projects these projects own approximately one million-four hundred thousand (1400.000) hectares, representing 97% of the arable land estimated at about one million-six hundred ten thousand (1610.000) hectares and about 2.53% of the republic's area. Most Yemeni agricultural lands are close to cities and towns characterized by varying fertility and reliance on rainwater as the main source for agriculture. Due to the limited agricultural land in Yemen and the variation in area from one governorate to another. The problem of inequality has deepened. Reflected in poverty levels, about 58.4% of the holders own less than half a hectare. accounting for around 7.6% of the total arable land. The research also revealed a close relationship between land tenure systems and poverty in Yemen. Where 60.5% of Yemenis live in rural areas. and 58.3% of them work in agriculture.