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370866

A discussion on our universe boundaries

Article

Last updated: 05 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Astrophysics including cosmology and quantum gravity and gravitational waves.

Abstract

By formulating the direct integral equation for the Gaussian scaler gravitational potential, we were able to generalize the Newtonian law of gravity. Hence the obtained integral equation is differentiated to obtain another integral equation for the gravitational force. A new indicator (Ri) is then defined. By the application of suitable fundamental solution, it was demonstrated that both Gauss and Newton gravity was equivalent only in case of having the (Ri) indicator equals to zero. This proves that our universe is topologically 3D infinite (with no external boundary). Other cases of having values for the (Ri) indicator due to nearby blackholes demonstrated that such blackholes create internal boundaries in our universe. The developed integral equations are then generalized to 4D spatial space to account for possible nearby universes. With the proposed generalized integral equations together with the help of suitable measurements, a proposal is given for computational methodology that could help in inversely locating internal boundaries of our universe or giving us a clue about places where nearby universes might be located.

DOI

10.21608/jesbsp.2024.306392.1023

Keywords

gravity, Newtonian gravity, Dark matter, universe boundaries, black holes

Authors

First Name

Youssef

Last Name

Rashed

MiddleName

F.

Affiliation

28 Rabie El gizy st

Email

yrashed@hotmail.com

City

Giza

Orcid

-

Volume

1

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

46457

Issue Date

2024-07-01

Receive Date

2024-07-22

Publish Date

2024-07-01

Page Start

83

Page End

97

Print ISSN

3009-7274

Link

https://jesbsp.journals.ekb.eg/article_370866.html

Detail API

https://jesbsp.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=370866

Order

7

Type

Original Article

Type Code

2,942

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of the Egyptian Society for Basic Sciences-Physics

Publication Link

https://jesbsp.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

A discussion on our universe boundaries

Details

Type

Article

Created At

20 Dec 2024