Background: The optimization of clinical pregnancy rates following assisted reproductive technologies relies on various factors, including embryo quality and the implantation process. Recent research has focused on the role of vitamin D in enhancing implantation during intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of vitamin D level on implantation, with secondary objectives examining the associations between vitamin D levels and clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates.
Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Libyan National Fertility Centre and involved 60 infertile women. Each participant underwent two ICSI cycles, with the first cycle using insufficient vitamin D levels and the second using sufficient vitamin D levels. Excluded patients due to polycystic ovaries, endometriosis, premature ovarian failure, and male factor infertility. The Endocrine Society defined vitamin D insufficiency as levels <20 ng/ml.
Results: Patients were assessed at two phases based on vitamin D levels—insufficient and sufficient phase. Clinical pregnancy rates were 31.67% and 61.67%, respectively (p<.016). The endometrial configuration, including thickness and pattern, positively correlated with sufficient vitamin D levels (p<.027). However, no statistically significant difference in oocyte quality was observed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study affirm that vitamin D levels have a positive predictive value for ICSI outcomes. This study recommends vitamin D supplementation among infertile patients to enhance CPR and LBR.