Background: Genetic diseases pose a significant public health burden in Yemen, with a high prevalence of conditions like sickle cell anemia and thalassemia, linked in part to the practice of consanguineous marriage. Understanding the knowledge and attitudes of university students towards genetic diseases and their relationship to consanguineous marriage is crucial. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes towards genetic diseases and consanguineous marriage and determine the most important factors affecting that knowledge and attitudes among university students. material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the University of Saba Region. The study sample was selected from the target group using a simple random selection procedure. descriptive analysis and the chi-square test were used to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes and to identify factors associated with that knowledge and attitudes. Results: 64.2% of the students had a good level of knowledge, and 58.7% of them showed positive attitudes towards genetic diseases and surrogacy. The Chi-square results showed that females, married students, those residing in urban areas, those whose parents have a high level of education, and those who have a medium to a high level of living have a higher level of knowledge compared to others. also showed that females and students residing in urban areas have more positive attitudes towards consanguineous marriage and pre-marital screening. Conclusion: The majority of students have good knowledge, and more than half have positive attitudes, Still, it is insufficient. Many factors affected this knowledge and attitudes.