The challenges of rural development are gaining more attention from regional planners and policymakers. In both developed and developing countries, rural development initiatives tend to focus more on rural industries, tourism, or services rather than modernizing agriculture. Nevertheless, agriculture remains the fundamental rural activity in terms of resource use. However, agriculture is not usually seen as a dynamic component of regional development. The main reason is that rapid agricultural development often leads to a significant reduction in employment, unlike the growth of industry or the service sector. As a result, based on the experiences of developed countries, modern agriculture cannot serve as the cornerstone of a developed region because population decline weakens the service sector. These outcomes are associated with a specific type of technical-economic modernization. Globally, we must consider the existence of various types and impacts of agricultural modernization. North America has been the innovation center for what we now term "modern agriculture," characterized by high capital investment, advanced technology, extensive machinery use, profit orientation, minimal labor use, privately owned farms, and abundant productivity.