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345999

Assessment of Soil Pollution in The Industrial Zone in South Jeddah Using Pollution Indices and Machine Learning Model

Article

Last updated: 29 Dec 2024

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Abstract

Abstract
    
       In order to reduce high concentrations of toxic elements in polluted soils, an accurate assessment of the heavy metal concentrations in the industrial city of south Jeddah is required.In this study, the contamination risks for 14 heavy metals, including As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al, Se, and V in the soil, were evaluated using the contamination degree (CD), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and geoaccumulation index (I geo).Support vector machine regression's effectiveness was used to predict the CD, PLI, and RI based on data for the fourteen heavy metals in the soil,. The results showed thatthere were wide variations in the values of the fourteen heavy metals in soil samples, and they are much polluted at this area of study. The I-geo values indicated non-pollution andpollutionby heavy metals.The soil samples were unpolluted (Igeo< 0) by As, Cd, and Se. In contrast, those samples are strongly polluted (Igeo< 3) by Cu, Pb, and Zn.All of the soil samples under investigation were found to be highly contaminated by the examined elements, per CD, RI, and PLI values. The calibration (Cal.) models of support vector machine regression (SVMR) performed the best in predicting the CD and R1 based on trace elements, with R2value of 0.99. The validation (Val.) models performed the best in predicting the CD and RI based on data for f trace elements, with high R2values (0.98 -0.99).
 
 

DOI

10.21608/ijesr.2023.345999

Keywords

Keywords: heavy elements, Jeddah, Pollution indices, Soil, support vector machine regression

Authors

First Name

Adel

Last Name

Salama

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City

Email

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Mohamed

Last Name

Azzazy

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City

Email

mohamed.azzazy@esri.usc.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0001-5009-4322

First Name

Ezzat

Last Name

El-Fadaly

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City

Email

ezzat.elfadaly@esri.usc.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

2

Article Issue

4

Related Issue

46669

Issue Date

2023-12-01

Receive Date

2024-03-16

Publish Date

2023-12-01

Page Start

52

Page End

67

Print ISSN

2812-6076

Online ISSN

2812-6084

Link

https://ijesr.journals.ekb.eg/article_345999.html

Detail API

https://ijesr.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=345999

Order

345,999

Type

Original scientific articles

Type Code

2,682

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

International Journal of Environmental Studies and Researches

Publication Link

https://ijesr.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Assessment of Soil Pollution in The Industrial Zone in South Jeddah Using Pollution Indices and Machine Learning Model

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Article

Created At

18 Dec 2024