Corruption has been known on Earth since ancient times, with deep-rooted origins and various

forms and methods. It is no longer limited to national societies within the borders of a single

state subject to its own penal system. It has become an international phenomenon shared by all

countries without discrimination, transcending regional borders and affecting all societies and

economies. This has made it more dangerous, more damaging, and difficult to control, to the

extent that it sometimes becomes more powerful than the governing systems in some countries.