Most economies of the world developed through a number of stages over time. In the sixties,

Egypt’s economy was based on command economy, where the state was the only manufacturer,

distributor and price-setter within the markets. After that, Egypt moved to the free market economy

system, where prices were determined according to the supply and demand mechanism. Within

the framework of such transformation, it was necessary to introduce new laws for protecting

the free market economy system to ensure that the offered products could achieve the optimal

allocation of resources and that the market prices reflected the supply and demand factors.