Foot and mouth disease (FMD), one of the widest spread diseases affecting clovenfooted animals, which has detrimental effects on meat and milk production. The disease has been reported in Egypt over the last 50 years. The first detection of the disease was in 1950 when strain SAT2 caused an outbreak. The most sever outbreak in Egypt took place in February 1987. Buffaloes are the main native domesticated animals in Egypt so that it play major role as a reservoir for FMDV; buffalo keep the virus in the oro-pharyngeal region for more than 2 years. Foot and Mouth disease host is mainly animals, transmitted directly between animals, therefore, vector is not present. The reservoir hosts are present in the endemic areas. Zoonotic importance of FMD does not investigated in large scale, because the disease in man is self-limiting.